FROM SACRED RITE TO SECULAR CONTEST: KINGSHIP SUCCESSION AND LEGITIMACY CRISES IN SOUTHWEST NIGERIA

Abstract

This study examines the profound crisis confronting the institution of kingship inSouthwest Nigeria, where ancient sacred traditions increasingly clash with modern secular forces.It investigates the historical and contemporary dynamics of kingship selection and appointment,arguing that escalating conflicts stem from a fundamental struggle over the source of legitimacy—divine sanction versus political and legal authority. Employing a qualitative methodology based ondocumentary analysis, the research traces the evolution of kingship from a spiritually ordainedoffice to one entangled in political patronage, litigation, and commercialization. The analysisidentifies three core areas of contradiction: the tension between hereditary succession andmeritocratic principles, the erosion of spiritual authority by secular governance, and the damagingcommodification of the throne. Findings reveal that these conflicts are symptomatic of a deeperinstitutional legitimacy deficit. This deficit undermines social cohesion and impedes communitydevelopment. The paper concludes by advocating for a syncretic model that strategically integratessacred tradition with modern accountability. It proposes specific reforms to depoliticizeappointment processes, curb commercialization, and redefine leadership around a compositelegitimacy derived from spiritual validation, genealogical right, and demonstrated merit. Thisapproach aims to ensure the institution